Pre-Eclampsia

Pre-eclampsia is a condition that affects some pregnant women, usually during the second half of pregnancy (from around 20 weeks) or soon after their baby is delivered.

Symptoms 

swelling of the feet, ankles, face and hands caused by fluid retention 

severe headache

vision problems

pain just below the ribs

Although many cases are mild, the condition can lead to serious complications for both mother and baby if it is not monitored and treated. 

Who is affected?

Pre-eclampsia affects up to 5% of pregnancies, and severe cases develop in about 1-2% of pregnancies. There are a number of things that can increase your chances of developing pre-eclampsia, such as:

if it is your first pregnancy

if you developed the condition during a previous pregnancy

if you have a family history of the condition

if you are over 40 years old

if you are expecting multiple babies (twins or triplets)

What causes pre-eclampsia?

Although the exact cause of pre-eclampsia is not known, it is thought to occur when there is a problem with the placenta 

Treating pre-eclampsia

If you are diagnosed with pre-eclampsia, you should be referred for an assessment by a specialist. This will usually be in a hospital. While in hospital you will be monitored closely to determine how severe the condition is and whether a hospital stay is needed.

The only way to cure pre-eclampsia is to deliver the baby, so you will usually be monitored regularly until it is possible for your baby to be delivered. This will normally be at around 37-38 weeks of pregnancy, but it may be earlier in more severe cases. At this point, labour may be started or you may have a caesarean section 

Medication may be recommended to lower your blood pressure while you wait for your baby to be delivered.